
Adherence is subtle. Adherence is not the same as “compliance.” People are generally good people trying their best with what they understand and what feels right for them.
This matters, because nonadherence might not be defiance—but rather distress.
When someone doesn’t follow a treatment recommendation, it’s not generally because they don’t know they’re supposed to. Nonadherence comes from subtle reasons. “I can’t look at my bottles every day. I feel like trash for taking so many pills.” Needing medication often feels like evidence of personal failure rather than a neutral medical tool. Every time someone looks at the bottles, opens the lids, and swallows the pills, they’re fighting self-stigma. It’s hard to see yourself surrounded by pills and medication bottles.
This is where the daily work of adherence becomes invisible labor rather than willpower. It’s not one decision—it’s an argument you have with yourself over and over.
Consider using a pill box. Put the bottles away. Don’t even look at them until you have to refill the box. At least then you aren’t fighting that inner voice every day that says you are a bad person. That voice affects adherence far more than knowledge. This small tweak quiets self-judgment.
If a patient is not adherent, the patient, me, and anyone else who is part of the treatment team need to figure out why. Reframe nonadherence as a shared problem to solve, not a personal failure. People are not actually trying to sabotage themselves.
Even when teaching resident clinicians, I ask, “Whose responsibility is it if a patient is not adherent?” The confident answer is, “The patient!” Well, no—not entirely. It’s our responsibility. Ours. Us. If the patient isn’t adherent, there is a good reason why. We just haven’t figured it out yet. That’s our job: to teach, to explore, and to sell hope.
Being right doesn’t change lives. You can have all the facts in the world and still not take the medication. What changes behavior is feeling understood and having agency. Correctness without connection is for the birds.
For example, a lot of nonadherence comes from what patients are hearing outside the office. Family members. Therapists. Friends. “You’re on too many meds.” “Meds are bad.” “Good job! You got away with taking less.” People go home, hear this, and feel like trash for needing treatment. Stigma can live in relationships, not just inside the person.
It helps to name the voice patients carry with them after they leave the office. Naming it helps it lose power.
When that happens, one option is calling the people who are talking in the patient’s ear when they’re not with the provider: a husband, a brother, a parent, a friend. If I call them on my phone, the caller ID, they’re not going to pick up. But if the patient calls them, then they pick up. Here, the voice belongs to someone specific and takes on more shape. Often these are influencers in stigma or bias around treatment. I introduce myself and ask if they have concerns. They might say they think the patient is on too many medications or that medications don’t work. That’s important to know. It may be what the patient has been absorbing and what’s been influencing their ability to adhere to treatment.
Then I say something like, “That’s important. What if we reduce dosages?” Sometimes that’s something we want to do anyway, to keep side effects low and to layer with another class of medication. Lower doses, fewer side effects, and better receptor targeting allow for more comprehensive coverage. Now we’re aligned.
Now the voice in the patient’s ear is part of the plan and has become an advocate.
Adherence isn’t about forcing people. It’s about removing the quiet barriers that make it hard to stay in care. Shame. Stigma. The feeling that something is being done to you instead of with you.
When you and yours join into the discussion early, then you get to declare for yourselves, over and over again, whether the treatment is worth it. Because it is a decision that has to be made again and again. Everyone involved feels agency. No one is victimized by treatments. In order to be my own friend, I have to be that friend even at a biological level.
That’s the work. Not just prescribing, or just taking a pill, but figuring out why someone can’t adhere.
Self-care tip: If something meant to help you feels shaming, change the ritual around it before blaming yourself for not sticking with it.
Question: What part of your self care is hardest to follow because of how it makes you feel about yourself, not because you don’t believe it helps?
















